CORPORATE LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS AND TAX AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR: EVIDENCE FROM MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES IN EMERGING MARKETS

Ahmad Fikriyansyah; Ahmad Sazili

doi:10.54077/jembatan.v10i2.253

Ahmad Fikriyansyah Universitas Sriwijaya
Ahmad Sazili Akademi Keuangan dan Perbankan Mulia Darma Pratama

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54077/jembatan.v10i2.253

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara tekanan likuiditas perusahaan dan perilaku penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan multinasional (MNE) yang beroperasi di negara berkembang. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatori, penelitian ini menganalisis data cross-section dari 57 perusahaan untuk tahun 2024 dan menerapkan model regresi linier berganda guna menguji apakah tekanan likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, dan leverage secara simultan memengaruhi tingkat penghindaran pajak yang diukur melalui Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR). Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa tidak satu pun dari variabel independen—baik tekanan likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, maupun leverage—berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap tax avoidance, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Nilai Adjusted R-squared sebesar −0,027 menunjukkan daya jelas model yang sangat rendah, yang mengindikasikan bahwa karakteristik keuangan semata tidak cukup menjelaskan praktik penghindaran pajak dalam konteks ini. Temuan ini sejalan dengan studi sebelumnya di negara berkembang yang melaporkan hubungan lemah atau tidak konsisten antara keterbatasan keuangan dan tax avoidance. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap literatur dengan menyajikan bukti dalam konteks pasca-krisis global, serta menekankan pentingnya penelitian lanjutan untuk memasukkan variabel tata kelola, kualitas institusi, dan strategi perencanaan pajak guna menangkap kompleksitas perilaku pajak korporasi di bawah tekanan likuiditas.

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